International Journal of Information Technology and Education

The Role of the Principal in Optimizing Teaching Factory Services in Vocational High Schools (SMK): A Study at SMK Negeri 3 Tondano

Viktory N. J. Rotty — 2025-06-09

The rapid development of industry and technology demands that vocational education adapt to produce graduates ready to compete in the job market. This study aims to analyze the role of the school principal in optimizing Teaching Factory (TeFa) services in Vocational High Schools (SMK), with a case study at SMK Negeri 3 Tondano. TeFa is a learning model based on real production activities that integrates education with the needs of the business and industrial sectors (DUDI). This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis involving several informants, including the principal, teachers, students, and industry partners. The findings show that the school principal has a strategic role in the planning, organizing, implementation, and evaluation of TeFa services. The principal exhibits visionary and transformational leadership that encourages innovation, collaboration with industry, and the strengthening of a productive work culture and entrepreneurial spirit within the school environment. Adapting the TeFa implementation based on the characteristics of each department is also a key strategy to enhance the relevance and effectiveness of learning. The principal also succeeded in overcoming challenges such as limited facilities, rigid regulations, and a lack of industry-experienced teachers through collaborative approaches and policy advocacy. Various innovative initiatives, such as digital management systems, the implementation of a multi-stakeholder engagement model, and the integration of curriculum with real project-based learning, demonstrate that school leadership is a determining factor in the successful implementation of TeFa. These findings highlight the essential role of school principals as change agents in creating adaptive, excellent, and competitive vocational education.

Analysis of Policy and Politics in Education within Medical Education Programs at Private Universities in Indonesia

Deitje Adolfin Katuuk — 2025-03-09

Medical education in Indonesia has experienced rapid development, marked by an increasing number of private universities opening medical study programs. However, this dynamic is inseparable from the influence of national policies and higher education politics. This article analyzes how national policies and political dynamics affect the existence, quality, and governance of medical education in private universities. The approach used is policy document analysis and literature review. The results show that government regulations, particularly Law No. 20/2003, Law No. 12/2012, and Minister of Health Regulation No. 24/2020, play a significant role in the establishment and development of medical study programs. However, political pressure, institutional competition, and higher education liberalization pose challenges to graduate quality and equitable access. Recommendations include enforcing quality standards, strengthening the accreditation system, and collaborative governance between the state and private institutions.

Management of the Online Single Submission–Risk-Based Approach (OSS-RBA) System at the Investment and Integrated One-Stop Service Office of North Minahasa Regency

Daisy G. Joseph — 2025-03-09

Effective and efficient business licensing services are a primary requirement for improving the investment climate, especially for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The Indonesian government has implemented the Online Single Submission – Risk Based Approach (OSS-RBA) as a public service digitalization strategy aimed at simplifying the licensing process and enhancing legal certainty. However, the implementation of this system at the local level, including at the Investment and Integrated One-Stop Service Office (DPMPTSP) of North Minahasa Regency, faces several challenges such as low public understanding, limited infrastructure, and inadequate human resource competencies. This study aims to analyze the management of OSS-RBA in MSME licensing services at the DPMPTSP of North Minahasa Regency and to identify its supporting and inhibiting factors. The method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques including observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Informants consist of DPMPTSP officials and business actors who are OSS-RBA users. The results indicate that although OSS-RBA provides convenience for MSMEs in obtaining a Business Identification Number (NIB) and shortens service time, its implementation is not yet optimal. Inhibiting factors include insufficient socialization, limited supporting facilities such as internet connectivity, and minimal personnel training. Meanwhile, supporting factors are the existence of clear regulations and the local government’s bureaucratic reform spirit. The discussion emphasizes the importance of system integration, capacity building for human resources, and the necessity of continuous monitoring and evaluation of the OSS-RBA system. In conclusion, OSS-RBA management at DPMPTSP North Minahasa is in a developmental stage but requires improvements in technical, structural, and HR aspects to become an effective instrument in public service and MSME empowerment.

Implementation of the Public Order Policy by the Civil Service Police Unit in Minahasa Regency

Giovanni Maindoka — 2025-03-09

This study aims to examine and analyze the implementation of public order policy by the Civil Service Police Unit (Satpol PP) in Minahasa Regency, as well as to identify the factors that hinder its execution. Public order is a crucial aspect in creating a safe, orderly, and comfortable social environment. However, in practice, Satpol PP in Minahasa Regency faces various structural and functional challenges that affect the effectiveness of the policy implementation. This research employs a qualitative approach with data collection techniques including in-depth interviews, direct observation, and document analysis. Data analysis was conducted using the interactive model proposed by Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, which involves data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of public order policy has been carried out through several key activities such as early detection and prevention, community education and outreach, patrols, security, enforcement, and inter-agency coordination. Nevertheless, the implementation remains suboptimal due to several inhibiting factors, including the absence of a specific regional regulation (Perda) on public order, limited human resources and operational facilities, weak coordination among institutions, and low public awareness of existing regulations. The study concludes that the success of policy implementation heavily depends on the clarity of local regulations, budgetary support, and community participation. Strategic efforts are needed from the local government to strengthen the legal and institutional framework to enhance the effectiveness of public order policy enforcement in Minahasa Regency.

Analysis of Policy and Politics in Education on Phacoemulsification Training for Newly Graduated Ophthalmologists

Harold R Lumapow — 2025-03-09

The increasing burden of cataract-induced blindness in Indonesia demands competent surgical responses, particularly through the phacoemulsification technique—a minimally invasive surgical procedure globally recognized as the gold standard. However, structural limitations in training policies, unequal access to resources, and political dynamics impede the readiness of new ophthalmologists in mastering this technique. This study explores the systemic, policy, and political contexts underlying phacoemulsification training in Indonesia. Using a qualitative descriptive approach supplemented by a literature review, this research analyzes dimensions of curriculum development, accreditation standards, infrastructure distribution, stakeholder politics, and professional ethics compliance. Findings indicate that to ensure equitable surgical competence among graduates of ophthalmology specialist programs, policymakers need to integrate national regulations with international standards, decentralize access to quality training, and enforce ethical governance across all medical education institutions.

Effectiveness of the Regional Government Information System (SIPD) implemented in the General Affairs Section of the Regional Secretariat of North Minahasa Regency

Victor R. Pinontoan — 2025-03-09

This study investigates the effectiveness of the Regional Government Information System (SIPD) implementation in the General Affairs Section of the Regional Secretariat of North Minahasa Regency. SIPD, mandated by Permendagri No. 70/2019, aims to improve transparency, accountability, and efficiency in regional governance by integrating planning, budgeting, execution, reporting, and asset management processes. The primary objectives are to assess the operational performance of SIPD, identify factors inhibiting its effectiveness, and propose strategic recommendations for improvement. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with key informants, including the Regional Secretary, Head of the General Affairs Section, Budget Treasurer, and SIPD Operators, direct observation of SIPD usage, and document analysis of SIPD reports and related regulatory frameworks. Data were analyzed following Miles and Huberman’s interactive model, encompassing data reduction, presentation, and verification through triangulation. Findings reveal that SIPD has substantially streamlined administrative and financial processes, enabling real-time access to budgetary data, reducing manual paperwork, and enhancing decision-making. However, constraints such as limited human resource capacity, intermittent infrastructural support, incomplete data integration, and resistance to change hinder optimal performance. Challenges arise from inadequate training, inconsistent internet connectivity, and unclear standard operating procedures. The study concludes that while SIPD holds significant potential for modernizing local governance, its efficacy is undermined by technical, human, and organizational barriers. Recommendations include targeted capacity-building programs, infrastructural upgrades, refinement of data protocols, and stronger leadership commitment to foster a culture of digital transformation. These measures are expected to enhance SIPD’s functionality, thereby elevating public service quality and accountability in North Minahasa Regency.

Evaluation of the Funeral Aid Social Assistance Policy of the Social Service Office of North Minahasa Regency

Marcel J. Tuwaidan — 2025-06-09

This study evaluates the implementation of the Funeral Assistance Social Aid policy enacted the regional government has an imperative to provide social protection for underprivileged communities experiencing the bereavement of a family member. Through North Minahasa Regent Regulation No. 27 of 2021, the North Minahasa Regency Government established a funeral assistance grant of IDR 3,000,000 to alleviate the financial burden on surviving family members. However, in its implementation, this policy has encountered several administrative, technical, and geographical challenges that affect the effectiveness of benefit distribution. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the implementation of the Funeral Assistance Social Aid policy and to identify the obstacles arising during its delivery, as well as to offer policy recommendations for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of aid distribution. This research employs a qualitative approach, collecting data through in-depth interviews, observation, and document review. Informants include officials from the Social Service Office, village administrators, community leaders, and aid recipients. Data analysis follows the Miles and Huberman model, encompassing data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Findings indicate that the funeral assistance program is considered quite effective by the community in easing the economic burden during mourning. Distribution processes are relatively swift (3–7 working days) when documentation is complete, and recipients report substantial benefit from the aid. Nevertheless, challenges persist, including incomplete documentation, limited internet connectivity in remote areas, inter-agency coordination delays, and insufficient public outreach. Despite these constraints, the Social Service Office has introduced innovations such as training for village officers and using the OSS-Duka system to expedite data verification. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the Funeral Assistance Social Aid policy has positively impacted recipients. However, its effectiveness can be further enhanced through simplification of procedures, capacity building at the village level, and improvements to the digital service system. The recommendations arising from this study are expected to strengthen a more responsive and equitable social protection framework in North Minahasa Regency.

Management of Personnel Information System Application (Simpeg) in North Minahasa Regency

Ulfa Suryana Asiking — 2025-06-09

This study aims to analyze the management of the Personnel Information System (SIMPEG) application in North Minahasa Regency, focusing on three main aspects: human resource (HR) management, facilities and infrastructure, and budget support. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The results of the study indicate that although SIMPEG has been implemented quite well, there are several significant obstacles. First, from the HR side, there was a competency gap in operating the SIMPEG advanced module, as well as resistance from employees who still rely on manual systems. Second, facilities and infrastructure, such as network infrastructure and hardware, that are starting to become obsolete hamper system performance. Third, less flexible budget support causes delays in infrastructure rejuvenation and HR training. Based on these findings, this study recommends increasing HR capacity through continuous training and certification, improving IT infrastructure, and optimizing budget allocation to support system sustainability. With these steps, it is hoped that SIMPEG can function more effectively in supporting transparent and efficient personnel governance in North Minahasa Regency.

The Implementation of the Regional Spatial Planning Policy (RTRW) In North Minahasa Regency

Richard J. H. Dondokambey — 2025-06-09

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Regional Spatial Planning Policy (RTRW) in North Minahasa Regency, specifically in the context of settlement zoning. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation involving relevant stakeholders. The results indicate that RTRW implementation in North Minahasa Regency has progressed, as evidenced by increased compliance with settlement zoning and greater efficiency in permitting processes. Supporting factors include the utilization of an integrated Geographic Information System (GIS) with OSS-RBA, government budgetary support, and inter-agency coordination. However, several obstacles still impede policy effectiveness, such as regulatory inconsistencies, limited digital infrastructure, community resistance to restrictions on customary rights (hak ulayat), and relatively high administrative costs. Active participation of both the community and technical agencies in monitoring, zoning education, and local deliberations has been a crucial indicator for strengthening policy implementation. This study recommends harmonizing regulations across agencies, enhancing human resource capacity, reinforcing technological infrastructure, and adopting a sustained participatory approach. These findings contribute to the development of public policy, particularly in the field of sustainable spatial planning and regional management.

Management of Regional Assets at the Regional Finance and Asset Agency Office of North Minahasa Regency

Kevin K. Motulo — 2025-06-09

Efficient administration of Regional Government Assets (RGA) underpins transparent, accountable, and effective local governance. This study examines the implementation of asset administration—specifically bookkeeping, inventory, and reporting—at the Regional Finance and Asset Agency (BKAD) of North Minahasa Regency. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with key informants (asset managers, heads of asset divisions), supporting officers, direct observation of work processes, and document analysis (e.g., inventory lists, financial reports, legal regulations). Findings reveal that while BKAD has largely adhered to Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 19/2016 on RGA administration, practical challenges persist: delays in data submission by subordinate units, inadequate asset labeling, and reconciliation discrepancies between OPD (Organizational Units) records and BKAD’s central database. The inventory process, conducted annually for high‐value items and quinquennially for other assets, functions satisfactorily but demands enhanced data accuracy and broader utilization of the E-BMD electronic system. To bolster RGA administration, the study recommends strengthening human resource capacity through targeted training, optimizing inter-unit coordination mechanisms, and advancing an integrated asset information system for real-time data capture and validation.

Developing a Competency Assessment Model for Graduates in the Field of Information and Communication Technology of Vocational High School Expertise in North Sulawesi Province

Olivia E S Liando — 2025-06-09

This study aims to develop a system-based assessment model for SMK graduates in ICT that is adjusted to the industrial occupation map. Specific objectives include: (1) designing a system-based assessment model, (2) determining the level of model feasibility, and (3) testing the usability of the assessment model. This study uses a development method (research and development) with the Design Science Research Methodology (DSRM) approach. The research procedure consists of four stages: needs analysis, system design, system creation, and evaluation and testing of the assessment model. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interviews, documentation studies, and the distribution of USE questionnaires for usability testing. The study results indicate that the developed assessment model has met the feasibility aspects based on expert assessment and has a high level of usability, ease of use, and user satisfaction, as indicated by the test results using the USE Questionnaire. This model is also able to map graduate competencies based on industry needs more accurately and objectively. In conclusion, the developed system-based competency assessment model has proven to be feasible and effective in measuring and mapping the competencies of vocational high school graduates in the field of ICT according to the needs of the world of work. The implementation of this model is expected to increase the competitiveness of vocational high school graduates and strengthen the quality of vocational education in Indonesia.

Direct Cash Assistance from Village Funds (BLT-DD) in Watulaney Village, Lembean Timur District

James Limpele — 2025-06-09

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Direct Cash Assistance Program from Village Funds (BLT-DD) in Watulaney Village, Lembean Timur District, with a specific focus on the factors influencing the program's effectiveness. Using a qualitative approach and the policy implementation theory by Van Meter and Van Horn (1975), the study evaluates six key variables: policy standards and objectives, resources, inter-organizational communication, characteristics of the implementing agency, implementers’ attitudes, and the social, economic, and political conditions. The findings indicate that the implementation of BLT-DD in Watulaney Village faces several challenges, including mistargeted beneficiaries, delays in fund disbursement, and limitations in human resources and technological infrastructure. Although supported by regulations such as the Ministry of Villages Regulation No. 6 of 2020 and No. 13 of 2023, the program still encounters difficulties in data collection, verification, and coordination among stakeholders. On the other hand, community participation and transparency in village meetings are identified as significant supporting factors. This study recommends improving the accuracy of recipient data, strengthening the capacity of village officials through training, and optimizing the use of digital technology for data management and reporting. Hence, the BLT-DD program is expected to become more effective in achieving its goals of poverty alleviation and enhancing the welfare of the residents of Watulaney Village.

Implementation of the Village Fund Utilization Policy in Stunting Prevention Efforts in Passo Village, West Kakas District, Minahasa Regency

Jeanne A. Sumendap — 2025-06-09

This study investigates the implementation of the Village Fund utilization policy in Passo Village, West Kakas District, Minahasa Regency, focusing specifically on its role in stunting prevention. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, the research aims to evaluate how the policy is executed, identify supporting and inhibiting factors, and assess its impact on community health outcomes. The research draws on Van Meter and Van Horn's policy implementation model to interpret field findings. The results indicate that while participatory planning and accountable fund management have contributed positively to improved nutrition awareness and reduced stunting rates, significant barriers remain, including limited facilities, weak inter-agency coordination, and low community engagement. The study concludes that bridging the gap between policy planning and actual implementation is essential for sustainable impact.

Analysis of the Supervisory Role of the Regional Inspectorate in the Government of Minahasa Regency

Varie Maindoka — 2025-06-09

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the supervisory function of the Regional Inspectorate in Minahasa Regency. As an internal government supervisory body, the Inspectorate plays a crucial role in ensuring accountability, efficiency, and transparency in implementing public administration. Utilizing a qualitative approach with a case study method, the research explores the stages of supervision, including planning, execution, reporting, and follow-up. Data was collected through interviews with key informants, including Inspectorate officers, sub-district heads, and village officials. The study reveals significant challenges, including a limited number of auditors, inadequate competencies, and insufficient internal control mechanisms. Moreover, the level of coordination and communication between the Inspectorate and other government agencies remains suboptimal. The findings underscore the need to strengthen institutional capacity, recruit competent auditors, and enhance the internal control system to ensure effective supervision. This study contributes to the discourse on good governance practices at the regional level in Indonesia.

Policy Implementation of Direct Cash Assistance Based on DTKS and P3KE Desil 1 in Langowan Timur District

Donald J. K. Lumingkewas — 2025-06-09

This study examines the implementation of the Direct Cash Assistance (BLT) policy based on the Integrated Social Welfare Data (DTKS) and the Desil 1 of the Extreme Poverty Eradication Acceleration Program (P3KE) in Langowan Timur District, Minahasa Regency. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this research explores four key variables from the Van Meter and Van Horn (1975) policy implementation model: policy standards and objectives, resources, inter-organizational communication and coordination, and disposition of implementers. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation involving stakeholders, including village officials, community leaders, and aid recipients. Findings reveal that although the program generally aligns with its regulatory framework, several challenges persist, particularly in data accuracy, coordination among institutions, and infrastructure limitations. The study offers recommendations for improving the quality of data, enhancing community participation, and strengthening institutional capacity to ensure more equitable and effective policy implementation.

Civic Education Learning Management as a Builder of Student Character: Multi-Site Study in Several Public Elementary Schools in North Sulawesi Province

Yulmi Hesti Mottoh — 2025-06-09

This research aims to describe and discover the aspects of civic education learning planning, the implementation of civic education learning, the evaluation of civic education learning, and the development of civic education learning management as a character builder of students. This research method is relevant using the type of qualitative approach and case study method with the type of multi-case study design. This study found several things. First, PKn learning planning as a builder of students' character is shown in three categories of teachers' managerial dimensions, namely the role dimension, the process dimension, and the outcome dimension. Second, the implementation of PKn learning as a Character Builder for students is shown in four categories of teachers' managerial dimensions, namely the role dimension, the process dimension, the delivery dimension, and the use dimension. Third, the evaluation of Pkn learning as a builder of students' character is shown in three categories of teachers' managerial dimensions, namely the role dimension, the process dimension, and the method dimension. Fourth, the development of PKn learning management as a builder of students' character is shown in three categories of teachers' managerial dimensions, namely the role dimension, the process dimension, and the support form dimension. This study recommends several things. First, the role of teachers in planning, implementing, and evaluating PKn learning as a builder of student character found in this study is important to be disseminated or transferred to teachers in elementary schools who are not included in this study. Second, the process of planning, implementing, and evaluating PKn learning as a builder of student character found in this study is important to be transferred and used as a reference for elementary school teachers who were not included in this study. Third, PKn learning management as an efficient and effective builder of student character in elementary school requires development support from teachers, principals, the government, and technology.

Study of Teachers' Ability in Managing Science Learning in Elementary Schools in Manado City

Brianne Eucleysia Komedien — 2025-06-09

This study aims to explain the relationship individually and together between creativity, professional competence, pedagogical competence, and teacher achievement motivation with teachers' ability in managing science learning in elementary schools in Tomohon City. The research sample was Civil Servant/State Civil Apparatus teachers who were certified as professional teachers. The research method used was a survey and correlational design. Research data were collected by questionnaire and processed using simple and multiple correlation analysis techniques. The results of the study include teacher creativity having a positive and significant relationship with teachers' ability in managing science learning; teacher professional competence is positively and significantly related to teacher ability in managing science learning; teacher pedagogical competence is positively and significantly related to teacher ability in managing science learning; teacher achievement motivation is positively and significantly related to teacher ability in managing science learning; and creativity, professional competence, pedagogical competence, and teacher achievement motivation are positively and significantly related simultaneously to teacher ability in managing science learning. After discussing the research results, it was continued by drawing research conclusions and putting forward suggestions, including that this research can be developed by other researchers to test variables that function as mediator and moderator variables using the structural equation model (SEM).