Sustainable Health Education Management for Community Heart Disease Prevention in Manado, Indonesia: A Qualitative Study and Integrated Model

Abstract

Episodic educational campaigns may expand awareness without sustaining cardiovascular-prevention behavior. To examine the organization of community heart-health education in Manado and formulate an integrated, locally responsive educational-management model. A qualitative descriptive-exploratory design drew on semistructured interviews, observations, focus group discussions, and documentary review involving health administrators, primary-care and hospital personnel, community leaders, volunteers, and residents. Thematic analysis and source/method triangulation guided interpretation. Educational delivery was often event-based; cross-sector collaboration lacked permanent coordination; staffing and funding constrained follow-up; and administrative monitoring did not consistently assess behavioral outcomes. Supporting conditions included municipal policy commitment, primary-care infrastructure, health cadres, educational partners, and mapalus-based mutual assistance. The model connects participatory needs assessment, multistakeholder organization, interactive education, monitoring, and Plan–Do–Check–Act improvement within an input–process–output–outcome architecture. A sustainable approach requires continuing governance and measurement rather than isolated information campaigns. The model is a qualitative design proposal, not evidence of reduced cardiovascular incidence, and requires prospective implementation testing.