International Journal of Information Technology and Education

The Disconnect between Financial Compliance and Pedagogical Utility in School Management: A Phenomenological Study on “Sleeping Assets” and Bureaucratic Rituals

Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

In the landscape of decentralized school-based management, principals hold a complex dual autonomy: as accountable fiscal managers and as visionary instructional leaders. However, the pressure of bureaucratic isomorphism often creates an extreme disparity in focus. This phenomenological study investigates how principals in Public Junior High Schools (SMP) in Tomohon City, Indonesia, navigate the existential tension between the demands for state financial reporting compliance and the effectiveness of asset utilization for learning. Through in-depth interviews, document analysis, and physical observation of schools, this study uncovers a chronic phenomenon of “Loose Coupling.” The findings indicate that: (1) An Asymmetry of Accountability occurs, where leadership energy is exhausted pursuing an administrative “clean audit” status, while the evaluation of pedagogical impact is neglected; (2) The emergence of the “Sleeping Assets” phenomenon, where teaching aids and learning technologies undergo an ontological death—purchased as symbols of modernity but unused in classroom practice; and (3) External evaluation tends to be blunt and normative, failing to diagnose the gap between budget expenditure and learning quality. This study concludes that without reforming accountability mechanisms to balance fiscal and pedagogical indicators, educational decentralization will only produce symbolic compliance without substantial quality improvement.

The Implementation of the Reflective Inquiry Learning Model to Improve Students' Metacognitive Skills in Informatics Subject at State Senior High School 1 Amurang

Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Metacognitive skills are an essential aspect of Informatics learning, as they are closely related to students’ ability to plan, monitor, and evaluate their own thinking processes. However, learning outcomes indicate that students’ metacognitive skills remain relatively low. This study aims to improve students’ metacognitive skills through the implementation of the Reflective Inquiry learning model. This study employed Classroom Action Research (CAR) conducted in two cycles, each consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The research subjects were 33 eleventh-grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Amurang. Research instruments included a metacognitive questionnaire, observation sheets of teacher and student activities, and learning achievement tests. The results showed an improvement in students’ metacognitive skills from Cycle I to Cycle II, as indicated by an increase in the average metacognitive score and the percentage of students categorized as having high metacognitive skills. Therefore, the Reflective Inquiry learning model is effective in improving students’ metacognitive skills in Informatics learning.

Teacher Leadership Development in Elementary Schools in South Minahasa Regency

Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The development of teachers' roles extends beyond teaching to leadership roles. This study aims to describe and identify teacher leadership development, its determinants, and its outcomes in elementary school settings. This study employed a case study method with a multi-case study design. The primary data source was an informal group of 11 participants, consisting of three principals and eight teachers. Data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation studies were processed using qualitative data analysis techniques using an interaction model. The validity of the research data was tested using credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability techniques. The results of the study are presented in three findings. First, elementary school teacher leadership development occurs through teacher learning, the boundaries of teacher leadership encompassing the classroom, group, and organization, and roles within and outside the school. Second, the determinants of elementary school teacher leadership development include internal and external factors, as well as interactions between principals and teachers. Third, the results of elementary school teacher leadership development include outcomes at the teacher, student, and school levels. The results of this study are discussed in relation to theory and empirical evidence from previous research. Furthermore, the research conclusions and recommendations are described

Managing Instructional Planning in Nursing Education: Development and Implementation of a Learning Management Model

Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to analyze and develop a learning planning management model at the Faculty of Nursing, Sariputra Indonesia University, Tomohon, within the framework of the AIPNI competency-based curriculum. The study used a qualitative approach with an instrumental case study design to deeply understand the learning planning process involving study programs, lecturers, faculty leaders, and the internal quality assurance unit. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation, then analyzed thematically with reference to the POAC (planning, organizing, actuating, controlling) management function. The results showed that learning planning has been implemented systematically through the preparation of Semester Learning Plans (RPS), academic coordination meetings, integration of theory and clinical practice, and periodic monitoring and evaluation. These practices reflect the application of the principle of constructive alignment that emphasizes the alignment between learning outcomes, learning strategies, and assessments. The integration of theoretical, laboratory, and clinical practice learning has been proven to strengthen the development of student competencies and clinical reasoning. However, the effectiveness of planning is still influenced by limited lecturer resources, a high student ratio, and the availability of practice facilities. This study offers a learning planning management model based on management functions integrated with an internal quality assurance system as a conceptual contribution to strengthening nursing education governance. Practically, these findings provide implications for nursing educational institutions in improving the quality of learning planning systematically, contextually, and sustainably to produce competent graduates who are relevant to the needs of the healthcare system.

Participation in Scientific Activities as a Driver of Sustainable Nursing Education: An Educational Management Perspective from Minahasa Regency, Indonesia

Selvie Serly Rumagit, Orbanus Naharia, Joulanda A M Rawis, Arie F. Kawulur — Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Continuing nursing education is a crucial element in maintaining nurses' professional competence amidst the dynamic development of health sciences and demands for quality services. One form of implementation of continuing professional development is participation in scientific activities such as seminars, workshops, and training, which play a role in updating knowledge and improving clinical practice skills. However, nurses' involvement in scientific activities is determined not only by individual motivation but also by the support of the educational management system within healthcare organizations. This study aims to analyze how nurses' participation in scientific activities contributes to the sustainability of nursing education from an educational management perspective in Minahasa Regency. The results indicate that participation in scientific activities is an important indicator in strengthening the ecosystem of continuous professional learning, especially when supported by organizational policies, educational leadership, and access to competency development programs. This finding aligns with global studies that confirm that continuing professional development has a significant relationship with improved clinical competence, service quality, and patient safety. Furthermore, institutional support and a learning organizational culture have been shown to play a role in increasing nurses' engagement in professional development activities. Thus, participation in scientific activities should be viewed as an integral part of a continuing nursing education management strategy that is oriented not only toward improving individual competence but also toward strengthening the professional education system within the context of regional healthcare services.

Implementation of A Learning Management System using Prompt Engineering Horizon Artificial Intelligence in State Senior High School 1 Siau Barat

Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Prompt in artificial intelligence is one of the terms in technology that is currently often discussed by academics, becoming a weapon in producing a digital work and has an important role in artificial intelligence. Prompt is a command spoken by humans to machines to produce digital work. In a broad view, prompt is the art of designing science and a compass to guide humans in using artificial intelligence. This study aims to maximize Prompt Engineering Horizon Artificial Intelligence to create a learning management system in SMA Negeri 1 Siau Barat. This study uses the method This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE development model. The application of the learning management system to Teachers and Students of SMA Negeri 1 Siau Barat is the result of this research, where the prompt is made into a programming language coding arrangement and becomes a neat and ready-to-use web-based learning management system application. The implementation of this application is new and the first for teachers and students of SMA Negeri 1 Siau Barat and has a positive impact on the understanding and use of technology. On the other hand, this system also allows teachers and students to use smartphones optimally in the school environment for learning.

Competitive Advantage Strategy Management of Private Schools in Southeast Maluku Regency: A Case Study of Schooling at the Johanis Ars College in the Kei Kecil Region

Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The strategic management of competitive advantage in private schools is the main focus of this study to address the dynamics of competition in educational institutions in Southeast Maluku Regency. The main objective of the study is to formulate an adaptive school management model under the auspices of Kolose Johanis Ars to address fluctuating student numbers and limited resources in the archipelago. A descriptive qualitative approach was used as a method to explore the management phenomenon in depth through interviews, observations, and documentation studies at the research site in the Kei Kecil region. The research subjects included the principal, teachers, and relevant stakeholders directly involved in the strategic decision-making process. The research findings indicate that a differentiation strategy based on spiritual values and social capital is a significant internal strength for the school, but there are still weaknesses in aspects of technological innovation and digitalization of learning. The analysis results identified a gap in contextual curriculum adaptation where the local maritime potential of the Kei region has not been optimally integrated into the school curriculum. The research conclusions emphasize the need for dynamic capability reconfiguration through strengthening the management information system and synchronizing the college's long-term vision with operational plans at the school unit level. The proposed management model integrates resource-based theory with spiritual leadership to ensure the sustainability of educational institutions in the outermost regions. Implementing a systematic marketing strategy and improving the digital literacy of educators are practical recommendations for strengthening schools' bargaining power in the eyes of the public. Synergy between foundations, local governments, and local communities is essential for sustainably improving the quality standards of educational services.

Implementation of a Factory-Based Learning Workshop Management Model to Improve Student Competence at SMK Negeri 3 Tondano

Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to determine the effect of the Implementation of the Factory-Based Learning Workshop Management Model (Teaching Factory) to Improve Student Competence at SMK Negeri 3 Tondano. This study uses quantitative research with data collection techniques through questionnaire instruments. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion, the Implementation of the Factory-Based Learning Workshop Management Model (Teaching Factory) to Improve Student Competence by 98% while the rest is determined by other variables that are not studied in this study. So, the conclusion in this study is that there is a direct positive effect of the Implementation of the Factory-Based Learning Workshop Management Model (Teaching Factory) to Improve Student Competence at SMK Negeri 3 Tondano. This means that the Implementation of the Factory-Based Learning Workshop Management Model (Teaching Factory) can Improve Student Competence. Therefore, considering the influence of Factory-Based Learning (Teaching Factory) on Improving Student Competence, it is expected that all Vocational High Schools will implement Factory-Based Learning (Teaching Factory).

Effectiveness of Junior High Schools in Minahasa Regency

Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of junior high schools (SMP) in Minahasa Regency and to examine the influence of teacher competence, learning resource management, instructional media, principal leadership, classroom management, and school academic culture on school effectiveness. This research employed a quantitative approach using a survey method. The study was conducted in 103 public and private junior high schools in Minahasa Regency. Data were collected through questionnaires, observations, and documentation, involving teachers and principals as respondents. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression, preceded by classical assumption tests including normality, linearity, and multicollinearity tests, with a significance level of α=0.05. The results show that, partially, teacher competence, learning resource management, instructional media, principal leadership, classroom management, and school academic culture have a positive and significant effect on junior high school effectiveness in Minahasa Regency, with significance values of p < 0.05 for each variable. Simultaneously, the results of the F-test indicate that the six independent variables jointly have a significant effect on school effectiveness (Sig. < 0.05). Furthermore, the coefficient of determination indicates that school effectiveness is substantially influenced by the combined contribution of these variables, while the remaining variance is explained by other factors outside the research model. The study concludes that the effectiveness of junior high schools in Minahasa Regency is significantly influenced by teacher competence, learning resource management, instructional media, principal leadership, classroom management, and school academic culture, both partially and simultaneously. Therefore, improving school effectiveness requires an integrated and sustainable strengthening of these factors to enhance educational quality and achieve optimal educational outcomes at the junior high school level.

The Influence of Project-Based Learning Model on Visual Communication Design Learning Outcomes of Students at State Vocational School 1 Kotamobagu

Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to determine the effect of implementing the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model using the Kodular application on the creativity and learning outcomes of 11th-grade DKV 1 students in the Fundamentals of Visual Communication Design subject at SMKN 1 Kotamobagu. This study used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design involving two groups: a control class and an experimental class, each with 20 students (a total of 40 students). The research instrument was tested for validity and reliability, with all items declared valid (r count 0.338–0.794 > 0.312) and reliable (Cronbach's Alpha 0.917). The descriptive analysis results showed an increase in the average pretest and posttest scores in the experimental class from 42.5 to 83.5, while in the control class, the score increased from 41 to 80.5. The normality test showed that the data were normally distributed (Sig. 0.227 and 0.731), while the homogeneity test showed that both groups had homogeneous variances (Sig. 0.214 and 0.331). The t-test indicated a significant effect of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model on learning outcomes, with a sig. 0.000 and a calculated t of 9.811. The F-test yielded an F-value of 96.259 with a significance level of 0.000, indicating that the model simultaneously influenced learning outcomes. The determination test obtained an R-square value of 0.717, indicating that the model explained 71.7% of the variation in learning outcomes. This study concludes that the implementation of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) using Kodular effectively improves student creativity, learning motivation, and learning outcomes in the Visual Communication Design subject.